L-Parameter: Contrastive level tones

From Contribution: Sinitic between Altaic and Mainland Southeast Asia

This feature refers to the presence of distinctions between flat pitches at different heights, such as high-level versus mid-level tones. It is a characteristic strongly associated with Southern Sinitic varieties and the Mainland Southeast Asian (MSEA) linguistic area, whereas Altaic languages are generally atonal.

Language Value Comment Source Examples